Скачать или смотреть Anthro F40 Neo-evolutionism, Steward's Cultural Ecology

YouTube Title: UPSC Anthropology Optional: Neo-evolutionism, Steward's Cultural Ecology & Evolution Types
YouTube Description:
• This comprehensive lecture is tailored for UPSC Anthropology Optional Paper 1, focusing on the critical school of Neo-evolutionism.
• Explore Julian Steward's Neo-evolutionism, identified as the 20th-century evolutionism, which explains societal change from simple to complex forms, notably rejecting the idea of "survival of the fittest" in the social realm due to principles of humanism and equality.
• Understand Steward's core contribution of Multilinear Evolution, which posits that no two cultures evolve through the exact same sequence unless all cultural and environmental factors are identical. He criticizes the concept of psychic unity and explains cultural similarities through "causality" and "parallels".
• Delve into Steward's Cultural Ecology, which examines the intricate interaction between human cultures and their local ecosystems (biotic and abiotic factors). This includes concepts like ecological determinism (culture as a result of geographical location, natural resources, climate, topography) and environmental possibleism (how environmental "screens" can obstruct cultural choices, leading to diversity). Steward also introduced the "Culture Core," referring to the economic and technological aspects of culture most susceptible to environmental influence.
• Learn about Leslie White and V. Gordon Childe, also considered neo-evolutionists and cultural materialists. They are categorized as "Universal Evolutionists" by Steward, emphasizing broad similarities and general evolutionary patterns based on material evidence from archaeology, though they lacked explicit reasons for these similarities.
• Discover the classification of evolutionary theory by Sahlins and Service into General Evolution (including classical evolutionists, White, and Childe) and Specific Evolution (which encompasses Steward's approach).
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