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python dictionaries: an informative tutorial

what is a dictionary?

a dictionary in python is a built-in data type that holds a collection of key-value pairs. it is similar to a real-life dictionary where you look up a word (key) to find its definition (value).

dictionaries are unordered, mutable, and indexed, meaning you can change their contents and access them via their keys.

key features of dictionaries

1. **key-value pairs**: each item in a dictionary is stored as a pair of keys and values.
2. **unordered**: the items in a dictionary do not have a defined order. this means that the order of elements might change when you add items.
3. **mutable**: you can change, add, or remove items after the dictionary has been created.
4. **indexed by keys**: you access the values in a dictionary using their corresponding keys.

creating a dictionary

you can create a dictionary using curly braces `{}` or the `dict()` constructor.



accessing values

you can access the values in a dictionary using their keys.



adding and updating values

you can add new key-value pairs or update existing ones.



removing key-value pairs

you can remove items using the `del` statement or the `pop()` method.



iterating over a dictionary

you can iterate over the keys, values, or items (key-value pairs) in a dictionary.



dictionary methods

dictionaries come with several useful methods. here are a few commonly used ones:

`keys()`: returns a view object containing the keys of the dictionary.
`values()`: returns a view object containing the values of the dictionary.
`items()`: returns a view object containing the key-value pairs.
`get(key)`: returns the value for the specified key if it exists, else returns `none`.
`update(other_dict)`: updates the dictionary with elements from another dictionary.



conclusion

dictionaries are a versatile and powerful data structure in python that allows for efficient storage and retrieval of data u ...

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