Скачать или смотреть Metabolism of Alanine 🔬 | Non-Essential Amino Acid | Biochemistry Lecture

Welcome to this Biochemistry Lecture on “Metabolism of Alanine”, explained according to the latest edition of U. Satyanarayana Biochemistry.
In this lecture, we simplify the biochemical synthesis, interconversion, and clinical significance of alanine, one of the key non-essential amino acids that plays a central role in amino acid metabolism and glucose homeostasis.

📘 In this lecture, you will learn:

1️⃣ Introduction to Alanine:

Alanine is a non-essential, glucogenic amino acid derived mainly from pyruvate.

It acts as a vital carrier of nitrogen and carbon between muscle and liver through the Glucose–Alanine Cycle.

2️⃣ Synthesis of Alanine:

Pyruvate + Glutamate ↔ Alanine + α-Ketoglutarate
(Enzyme: Alanine transaminase – ALT or GPT)

Requires Pyridoxal phosphate (Vitamin B₆) as a coenzyme.

Occurs mainly in muscle and liver tissues.

3️⃣ Catabolism (Breakdown) of Alanine:

Alanine undergoes transamination with α-ketoglutarate to regenerate pyruvate, which can then:

Enter gluconeogenesis (in liver) → glucose formation

Enter TCA cycle for energy production

4️⃣ The Glucose–Alanine Cycle:

In muscle:

Amino acids → pyruvate (via transamination) → alanine

Alanine transports amino nitrogen to liver via blood

In liver:

Alanine → pyruvate → glucose (via gluconeogenesis)

Ammonia released enters the urea cycle for detoxification

This cycle helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting and prevent nitrogen accumulation.

5️⃣ Clinical Significance:

Alanine transaminase (ALT/GPT) is a key diagnostic enzyme in liver function tests (LFTs).

Elevated ALT → liver damage (hepatitis, cirrhosis, or drug-induced injury).

Important in diabetes and protein–energy malnutrition (PEM).

Serves as a link between amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism.

📚 Reference Textbook:
U. Satyanarayana & U. Chakrapani – Biochemistry (Latest Edition)

💡 Perfect For:
MBBS | BDS | Nursing | Pharmacy | Allied Health Sciences | NEET PG | Biochemistry Students

🎯 Focus Areas:
Amino Acid Metabolism | Transamination | Glucose–Alanine Cycle | Clinical Biochemistry

✨ Learning Outcome:
By the end of this lecture, you will understand how alanine is synthesized and utilized, its role in nitrogen transport, and its clinical importance in liver function and glucose metabolism.

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