Скачать или смотреть ☀️ Power of the Sun on Earth? China Just Cracked Fusion Physics!

Imagine recreating the same energy process that powers the Sun — not in space, but inside a laboratory on Earth. That’s the promise of nuclear fusion, the holy grail of clean and virtually limitless energy.

Fusion works by forcing hydrogen nuclei to merge into helium, releasing enormous energy. But there’s a catch. To make this possible, hydrogen must be heated to over 100 million°C, forming plasma — a state so hot that it cannot touch any solid surface. This is why scientists use a tokamak, a donut-shaped magnetic reactor that suspends plasma using intense magnetic fields.

For fusion to sustain itself, three conditions must be simultaneously high: temperature, plasma confinement time, and plasma density. For decades, scientists faced a major barrier known as the Greenwald Limit — a theoretical ceiling beyond which plasma becomes unstable and fusion collapses.

That barrier has now been challenged.

China’s EAST fusion reactor has successfully operated plasma at 65% higher density than the Greenwald Limit, while maintaining stability. This historic achievement was made possible by cooling the divertor region, minimising tungsten impurities from reactor walls, and validating the Plasma–Wall Self-Organisation theory, which allows plasma to stabilise naturally at higher densities.

Why does this matter? Higher plasma density means more particle collisions, more fusion reactions, and higher energy output — exactly what’s needed for burning plasma, or self-sustaining fusion.

This breakthrough opens an entirely new operating regime for fusion reactors and gives a massive boost to global projects like ITER, where India is a key partner. For the world, this marks a crucial step toward clean, carbon-free, and near-limitless energy — a topic of high relevance for UPSC Prelims & Mains (GS-III: Science & Technology, Energy Security).
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