Скачать или смотреть What is INCINERATION?

what is incineration?
Incineration is a waste treatment process, that involves burning garbage at very high temperatures.
This isn’t just an open fire.
It’s done inside special facilities, called incinerators, or waste-to-energy plants.

The goal is to reduce the volume of waste, destroy harmful substances, and, in many cases, produce energy in the form of electricity or heat.

Here’s how it works:
Garbage is collected and sorted.
It’s loaded into a furnace.
The waste is burned at over 850 degrees Celsius.
This creates hot gases, ash, and sometimes, energy.
Gases are cleaned with filters.
Ash is safely disposed of or reused.
There are different types of incineration systems:
Mass burn incineration – burning mixed waste.
Refuse-derived fuel – processing waste into fuel pellets.
Fluidized bed incinerators – using hot sand to burn waste more efficiently.

What kind of trash do we burn?
Household garbage.
Medical waste.
Hazardous industrial waste.
Even sewage sludge.

Not all materials are suitable for incineration — things like metals or certain toxic chemicals need special handling.

Now let’s look at the benefits of incineration:
It reduces waste volume by up to 90%.
It generates useful energy.
It destroys harmful bacteria.
It saves land space.
And it's quicker than landfilling.

But there are concerns too:
It can cause air pollution.
It’s expensive to build and run.
The ash can be toxic.
It may discourage recycling.
And it still releases carbon dioxide.

Compared to other methods:
Landfilling is cheaper but takes up space.
Recycling is great but not always possible.
Composting works only for food and organic waste.

Many cities use a mix of all methods — recycle, compost, and burn what’s left.

Incineration is used most in countries like Japan, some parts of Europe, and in large cities with limited land.

New technology is making incineration cleaner and more efficient.
But experts agree — the best solution is to produce less waste in the first place.

To sum it up:
Incineration is a high-heat method to treat waste and make energy.
It has both good and bad sides.
The key is managing it carefully and using it only when needed.

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And let us know in the comments — what do you think about incineration?

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