Скачать или смотреть Sea Surface Salinity Illustrates The Flow Of Freshwater From The Pacific Into The Indian Ocean.

The sole low-latitude gateway enabling the transfer of large volumes of heat and freshwater from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean is the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). The ENSO (El Nio-Southern Oscillation) and Asian monsoon may be impacted by the ITF's effects on the atmosphere-ocean interaction. Water from the Pacific Ocean typically enters the Indian Ocean at a rate of 15 million cubic metres per second (15 Sverdrup), controlling both the mean state and the overturning circulation of the two oceans. Multiple passageways are traversed by the flow. Most earth system models used to predict the climate do not adequately account for the intricate system of these passageways, which leads to an inaccurate picture of the movement through the ITF.

The simulation runs for 14 months beginning on January 20, 2020, using the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) atmospheric model and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation (MITgcm) ocean model. The model's horizontal resolution, which is 2-4 km for the ocean and 6-7 km for the atmosphere, allows for a greater resolution of the flow through confined sea straits. Sub-mesoscale characteristics like eddies can be recorded due to the resolution. The sea surface salinity animation shows the precise geographical and temporal variations in the freshwater flow.

Credit: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio