Скачать или смотреть TN 12th History Ch 4 | LORD HASTINGS (1813-1823) | Anglo-Nepal War & Pindari Suppression |

Welcome to Simplified UPSC by पठति पठत: पठन्ति! In this comprehensive discussion, we'll deep dive into *Chapter 4: Lord Hastings (1813-1823)* from the essential Tamil Nadu Class 12 History textbook. This period marks the decisive transition of British policy in India from non-intervention to aggressive intervention, cementing the framework of British Paramountcy.

This authoritative lecture meticulously covers the crucial military and diplomatic actions of Lord Hastings’ tenure:

1. *The Anglo-Nepal (Gurkha) War (1814-1816):* Analyzing the border disputes and the subsequent **Treaty of Sagauli (1816)**, which secured vital hill territories (Shimla, Mussoorie).
2. *Suppression of the Pindaris (1817-1818):* Understanding who the Pindaris were, why they were deemed a threat to order, and the comprehensive military operation that completely annihilated their organized power.
3. *The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818):* Examining the factors leading to the final showdown, including the resentment against the *Subsidiary Alliance System* and the humiliating **Treaty of Poona (1817)**. We analyze the decisive battles that led to the defeat of Peshwa Baji Rao II and the end of the Maratha Confederacy.
4. *Administrative Reforms:* Discussion of the expansion and implementation of the *Ryotwari System* under Sir Thomas Munro in the Madras Presidency, contrasting it with the Permanent Settlement.

This chapter is critical for mastering the consolidation phase of British control and is indispensable for UPSC Prelims and Mains (GS Paper 1).

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📝 SUMMARY 📝
This video, Chapter 4 of the TN 12th History series, details the tenure of Lord Hastings (1813-1823). The primary theme is the establishment of British Paramountcy through aggressive intervention. Key events covered include the Anglo-Nepal War (1814-1816) concluding with the Treaty of Sagauli, the systematic suppression and annihilation of the Pindaris, and the decisive Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818) which ended the Maratha Confederacy and the Peshwaship. The video also discusses administrative changes, specifically the expansion of the Ryotwari land revenue system by Sir Thomas Munro. Hastings' era is crucial as it marked the point where Britain became the unchallenged supreme power in India.

⏰ TIMESTAMPS ⏰
00:15 - Introduction to Lord Hastings (1813-1823)
01:19 - Shift from Non-Intervention Policy
02:47 - The Anglo-Nepal (Gurkha) War (1814-1816)
03:55 - Treaty of Sagauli (1816) and its Significance
04:45 - The Suppression of the Pindaris
06:46 - The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818)
07:00 - Understanding the Subsidiary Alliance System
08:21 - The Treaty of Poona (1817) and Maratha Outrage
08:38 - Key Battles and the Defeat of the Marathas
09:28 - Results: End of the Peshwaship and Maratha Confederacy
11:13 - The Ryotwari System (Sir Thomas Munro)
12:35 - Evaluation of Lord Hastings' Tenure and Paramountcy
14:12 - Key Points for UPSC Prelims & Mains

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