Скачать или смотреть Medel's Law of Segregation

The Mendelian law of segregation, also known as Mendel's first law or the law of purity of gametes, is one of Gregor Mendel's fundamental principles of inheritance. Mendel was an Austrian monk who conducted groundbreaking experiments with pea plants in the mid-19th century, which laid the foundation for the modern science of genetics.

The law of segregation can be summarized as follows:

Alleles: Genes come in pairs, and an individual inherits one allele (gene variant) for a specific trait from each parent.

Separation of Alleles: During the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells), the two alleles for each gene segregate (separate) from each other. This separation occurs randomly, with each gamete receiving one allele from the pair.

Random Combination: When two gametes (one from each parent) combine during fertilization, the resulting offspring will have a combination of two alleles for each gene, one from each parent.

Mendel's experiments with pea plants demonstrated the principles of the law of segregation. For example, in one of his classic experiments involving flower color, Mendel observed that when he crossed pure-breeding purple-flowered pea plants (having two identical alleles for purple flower color, denoted as PP) with pure-breeding white-flowered pea plants (having two identical alleles for white flower color, denoted as pp), the first generation (F1) offspring all had purple flowers (Pp). However, when he allowed these F1 plants to self-pollinate, the second generation (F2) showed a 3:1 ratio of purple to white flowers. This segregation of traits in the F2 generation confirmed the law of segregation.


#biology
#biologyworld
#biologylecture
#biologyeducation