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Introduction of mental status examination examination| purpose of mental status examination| Format of mental status examination|
How to examination perform.


A mental status examination (MSE) is a structured assessment used by healthcare professionals to evaluate a person's current mental capacity by observing their behavior and speech, and asking specific questions. It helps diagnose mental, neurological, and developmental conditions.

Components of a mental status examination

A complete MSE includes a combination of objective observations and a subjective self-report from the person being evaluated.
Observations


Appearance: General impression of the person's physical state, including apparent age, grooming, hygiene, and manner of dress. A clinician notes if clothes are unkempt (suggesting self-neglect, possibly from severe depression or schizophrenia) or bizarrely colorful (suggesting mania).


Behavior and motor activity: Assessment of body movements, posture, and facial expressions. Observations may include psychomotor agitation (restlessness), psychomotor retardation (slowed movements), tics, or catatonia (immobility).

Speech: Evaluation of the rate, volume, fluency, and quality of speech. This may include rapid and pressured speech (mania), slowed or monotonous speech (depression), or speech with word-finding difficulties (dementia).

Affect: The examiner's observation of the person's expressed emotion through non-verbal cues. Affect can be described as restricted, flat, blunted, broad, or labile.
Thought process: An assessment of how a person organizes and connects their thoughts. A normal thought process is logical and goal-directed. Irregular patterns can include circumstantial (excessive irrelevant detail), tangential (getting sidetracked and not returning to the point), or a flight of ideas (rapidly shifting topics).
Questions