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The speed of different types of ships can vary significantly depending on various factors such as their design, purpose, and propulsion systems. Here are some approximate speed ranges for different types of ships.
One interesting aspect about ship speed is the concept of "hull speed" or "hull efficiency." Hull speed refers to the maximum speed a ship can achieve based on its waterline length, which is the length of the ship at the water's surface. It is determined by the physics of wave-making resistance.

What's fascinating is that as a ship approaches its hull speed, it encounters increased resistance from the water, making it more difficult to go faster. The bow of the ship starts to push water upward and creates a wave at the bow, which then travels along the hull and creates additional drag. This wave-making resistance becomes more significant as the ship approaches its hull speed.

To overcome this resistance and achieve higher speeds, ships often employ more powerful engines, advanced hull designs, and innovative propulsion systems. Some modern vessels, such as high-speed ferries or naval warships, are designed to operate above their hull speeds, utilizing hydrodynamic features like planing or advanced hull shapes to reduce drag and increase efficiency.

Understanding the limitations and factors influencing ship speed, including the concept of hull speed, is crucial for ship designers and operators to optimize vessel performance and efficiency while considering various trade-offs related to fuel consumption, cargo capacity, and operational requirements.