Скачать или смотреть Common Fish Diseases you should know (And How To Cure Them!) |

Fish diseases are common in both aquaculture and ornamental fishkeeping. Here's a list of common fish diseases and their cures:

1. Ich (White Spot Disease)
Symptoms: Small white spots on the body, fins, and gills; fish may rub against objects.
Cause: A parasitic protozoan called Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.
Cure:
Raise the water temperature gradually to 28-30°C (82-86°F) to speed up the parasite's life cycle.
Treat the water with an anti-parasitic medication such as malachite green, formalin, or copper-based treatments.
Increase aeration, as higher temperatures reduce oxygen levels in the water.
2. Fin Rot
Symptoms: Fraying or disintegration of the fins, often with a white edge; fins may appear red or inflamed.
Cause: Bacterial infection, often due to Aeromonas or Pseudomonas species.
Cure:
Improve water quality by performing regular water changes.
Use antibacterial medications like antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline or erythromycin).
Remove any aggressive fish that may be nipping at the fins.
3. Velvet Disease
Symptoms: A fine, dusty gold or brown coating on the skin and gills; rapid gill movement, clamped fins.
Cause: A parasitic protozoan called Oodinium.
Cure:
Dim the aquarium lights, as Oodinium thrives in light.
Treat with copper-based medications.
Increase water temperature slightly and ensure good water quality.
4. Dropsy
Symptoms: Swelling of the body, scales sticking out (pinecone appearance), lethargy.
Cause: Often a symptom of bacterial infection, poor water quality, or organ failure.
Cure:
Isolate the infected fish.
Treat with antibiotics like kanamycin or erythromycin.
Improve overall water conditions, especially by lowering ammonia and nitrate levels.
5. Swim Bladder Disease
Symptoms: Difficulty in swimming, floating to the surface, sinking to the bottom, or swimming sideways.
Cause: Physical injury, poor diet, or bacterial infection.
Cure:
Fast the fish for 24-48 hours.
Feed peas (with shells removed) to help clear the digestive tract.
Adjust water temperature to 26-28°C (79-82°F).
If caused by infection, treat with a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
6. Columnaris
Symptoms: White or grayish spots on the body and fins, cotton-like growths, frayed fins.
Cause: Bacterial infection caused by Flavobacterium columnare.
Cure:
Improve water quality with regular water changes.
Treat with antibacterial medications like kanamycin, furan, or copper-based treatments.
Ensure good aeration and avoid overcrowding.
7. Gill Flukes
Symptoms: Labored breathing, clamped fins, mucus-covered gills, rubbing against objects.
Cause: Parasitic flatworms (Monogenea).
Cure:
Treat with antiparasitic medications like praziquantel or formalin.
Improve water quality by maintaining low ammonia and nitrate levels.
8. Fungal Infections
Symptoms: Cotton-like growths on the body, fins, or gills; cloudy eyes.
Cause: Fungal spores, often secondary to injury or poor water conditions.
Cure:
Treat with antifungal medications such as methylene blue or malachite green.
Improve water quality and ensure proper filtration.
9. Pop-Eye (Exophthalmia)
Symptoms: Bulging eyes, sometimes with cloudiness.
Cause: Bacterial infection, injury, or poor water conditions.
Cure:
Treat with antibiotics like kanamycin or erythromycin.
Improve water conditions, including regular water changes.
Provide a stress-free environment.
10. Anchor Worms
Symptoms: Visible worms attached to the fish's body, causing irritation and redness.
Cause: Parasitic crustaceans (Lernaea).
Cure:
Manually remove the worms using tweezers.
Treat with antiparasitic medications like dimilin or organophosphates.
Improve overall tank hygiene and quarantine new fish.
Prevention Tips:
Regularly monitor and maintain good water quality.
Quarantine new fish before introducing them to the main tank.
Avoid overcrowding and ensure proper filtration and aeration.
Feed a balanced diet and avoid overfeeding.
These measures can help prevent and cure many common fish diseases, ensuring a healthy aquatic environment.