Cartesian or Rectangular method

Power (P):
Power is generally defined as the rate at which the work is done

Real power (P):
It is a resistive power that is dissipated as heat. Its unit is Watts.
It is always positive. P=VI cosθ

Reactive Power (Q):
It is the product of the power developed in reactance of the circuit. Its unit is Volt-Ampere Reactive (VAR). Q=VI sin θ

Apparent Power (S):
It is defined as the product of magnitude of voltage and magnitude of current. It is measured in Volt-Ampere (VA). S=VI

Power Factor (cos ):
Power actor is defined as the cosine value of phase angle between the voltage and current. Or Power factor is defined as the ratio of real power to apparent power. It has no unit. It is always less than unity.


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