Science & Technology 2021: Expected Questions & Topics for UPSC Prelims IAS | NET (Part 1)

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MukundPura Meteorite
According to a recent study on the mineralogy of the meteorite named Mukundpura CM2, it has been classified to be a carbonaceous chondrite. Mukundpura CM2 fell in Mukundpura village near Jaipur in 2017.
A Meteorite
 A solid piece of debris from an object namely comet, asteroid or meteoroid.
 Originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere for reaching the surface of a planet or moon.
Classification of Meteorite
Three groups namely Stony (silicaterich), Iron (Fe–Ni alloy), and Stony Iron (mixed silicate iron alloy).
Components of Meteorite
 As per the spectroscopic studies, it has been revealed that the meteorite had very high (about 90%) phyllosilicate comprising both magnesium and iron.
 Forsterite and FeO olivine.
 Calcium aluminium rich inclusion (CAI) minerals.
 Magnetites, sulphides, aluminium complexes and calcites were also found.
Asteroid Study Importance
 Understanding history of Solar system.
 Evolution of the solar system into the Sun and planets of today.
 Being rich in volatiles and other minerals, asteroid could be exploited for future planetary exploration.
Mukundpura CM2
 A type of stony meteorite.
 Considered as the most primitive meteorite.
 It is the 5th carbonaceous meteorite known to fall in India.
 A remnant of the first solid bodies to accrete in the solar system.
 Composition of carbonaceous chondrites are also similar to that of the Sun.
 Chondrites are silicate droplet bearing meteorites.
Meteor, Meteorite and Meteoroid
 A meteor is the flash of light that one can see in the night sky the moment a small chunk of interplanetary debris burns up as it passes through the atmosphere.
 A meteoroid refers to a small rocky or metallic body in outer space.
 Meteorite is an object from space such as a small rock or a piece of metal strikes the surface of the earth.
Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
An ultra-high mobility Two Dimensional(2D)-electron gas(2DEG) has been produced by the Scientists at Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Punjab.
Two-Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG)
 An electron gas that is free to move in two dimensions and is tightly confined into the third.
 The tight confinement results in quantized energy levels for motion in the third direction.
 The appearance of the electron is like that of a 2D sheet embedded in a 3D world.
 Most 2DEGs are found in transistor such as structures made from semiconductors.
 2DEG is also an important system for exploring the physics of superconductivity magnetism along with their coexistence. #examrace #upsc #ugcnet