Brusque is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Santa Catarina. It is located in the microregion of Blumenau and in the Mesoregion of Vale do Itajaí. Its population in the 2022 Census was 141,385 inhabitants, making it the 11th largest in the state. It has an area of 284,675 km².
Founded by German settlers in 1860, under the command of Baron Schneeburg, Brusque became one of the pioneers in the Santa Catarina industry, especially in the textile sector.
The history of colonization of European origin in the current region of Brusque begins in the lands located on the right bank of the Itajaí-Mirim river. In this place destined for the headquarters of Colônia Itajahy (Brusque), there was already the presence of immigrants who explored wood extraction, such as Pedro Werner, Franz Sallentiem and Paulo Kellner. However, Vicente Ferreira de Mello, known as Vicente Só, was one of the first to enter the forest and establish a home on top of a hill, a hill on which today you can see the Catholic church located in the Centro I neighborhood.
But immigration of European origin actually began with the arrival of the Austrian nobleman Baron von Schneeburg, who led 54 German immigrants from the Grand Duchy of Baden, in southern Germany, on August 4, 1860. The nucleus was named "Colonia Itajahy". In the following years, new groups of people from the most diverse regions of what was later called Germany arrived in the municipality. On January 17, 1890, the city was named Brusque, in honor of Francisco Carlos de Araújo Brusque, president of the province of Santa Catarina at the time of the colony's founding, a gaucho born in Porto Alegre on May 24, 1822. The municipality It was established on March 23, 1881, still under the name of São Luís Gonzaga, receiving its current name in 1890.
Therefore, the centenary (August 4, 1960) and sesquicentennial (August 4, 2010) celebrations refer to the arrival of German settlers and not to the creation of the municipality of Brusque.
It inherited German characteristics from its colonizers: in architecture, food, popular festivals, etc. However, other peoples bequeathed ethnic contributions to the Germanic waves. On March 10, 1867, the first English-speaking settlers arrived, especially the Irish and the British. The colony received more than 1,500 settlers from Europe and the United States: the latter, fleeing the Civil War. Then, in 1875, the first Italian immigrants arrived and, later, the Poles. Some Poles brought weaving techniques with them, and factories were founded in the city.
POLAND
Geographer and researcher Maria do Carmo Ramos Krieger Goulart reports that 16 families from Silesia, a region that was under Prussian rule, disembarked at Villa do Itajahy. Their destination was the lands of Colônia Príncipe Dom Pedro, back in 1869. The author notes that it was in that year that the first birth of Polish immigrants took place: it was Izabella Kokot, born on November 12, 1869, in Brusque.
However, to confirm the Polish presence in the lands of Príncipe Dom Pedro and, later, of Porto Franco (Botuverá), it is preferable to cite the book "Colonial Debts", which contains the nominal list of Poles established in the region, as well as the accounting of your debts. The relationship began in October 1890 and continued until February 1893.
ITALY
The year 1875 marks the flow of a large immigration current: it was Italian colonization. The author Roselys Isabel Correia dos Santos informs us in the book "The Italian colonization in Vale do Itajaí-Mirim":
In the direction of the current municipality of Botuverá, formerly Porto Franco, in the middle valley, on land that constituted the former Colônia Príncipe Dom Pedro, the same land where most Italian immigrants were channeled.
However, the land was barely usable for agriculture, with emphasis on wood exploitation.
The locations or lines of colonization where the Italian colonists initially settled were Azambuja, Poço Fundo and Águas Claras. The banks of Ribeirão Alferes, in the Tijucas River Valley, were also occupied, where the Nova Trento nucleus was created. Later, they occupied the lands of the extinct Colônia Príncipe Dom Pedro, in the locations between Cedrinho and the Porto Franco district, now Botuverá.
Jul 07, 2022
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