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Forests Our Lifeline Class 7 Science - Knowing the Forests
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Forest is a large geographical area of land where we can find many plants and animals.The total Forests area is about 30% of the total land area on earth. The forest floor is generally covered with; decaying plant parts like leaves, branches, bark, and stem; animal excreta; plants such as creepers, climbers, moss, and growing plants. There are many microorganisms present in this part which helps to decompose the waste material so as to form nutrient rich dark colored material called humus. The top part of a giant, tall tree formed by its branches is called as crown. The topmost layer of the forest called as canopy.
We can not find similar plants and animals in different forests. It is because the climatic conditions favourable for different plants and animals is different. Forests are self sustaining systems. It means that every part of the forests depend on other parts. It' a food chain.
The plant parts, animal excreta and the dead animals are complex substances. These are decomposed by decomposers into simple nutrients. In this way soil becomes rich with nutrients. The forests are the living systems in themselves.