Скачать или смотреть How to Properly Redirect Subdomains with Apache's .htaccess Using mod_rewrite

Learn how to effectively manage subdomain redirects with Apache's `.htaccess`, ensuring a seamless experience for users and proper URLs for your web applications.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/67689408/ asked by the user 'Wruktarr' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/10764621/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/67689653/ provided by the user 'anubhava' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/548225/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Managing Subdomain Redirects with Apache .htaccess

When operating a website, maintaining a clear and organized URL structure is essential for both user experience and search engine optimization. One common issue webmasters face is the proper redirection of subdomains to specific folders within the main domain. In this post, we will tackle a specific challenge: how to set up proper redirection rules for a subdomain using Apache's .htaccess file.

The Problem

Imagine you have set up a website with the following structure:

Your domain is example.com

Your subdomain is sub.example.com

You have a folder called subdomain that contains files meant to be served under the subdomain.

When a user types in https://sub.example.com, everything functions correctly, as expected. However, if the same user navigates to https://example.com/subdomain or https://sub.example.com/subdomain, they end up loading the same content. This redundancy isn't ideal, and you want to ensure that any access to the subdomain folder via the main domain redirects seamlessly to the subdomain.

The Solution

Setting Up the Redirect Rules

To resolve this issue, you can modify your .htaccess file, either at the site root or within the subdomain folder. Here’s how to set up the redirect rules effectively:

Enable the Rewrite Engine: First, ensure that the mod_rewrite module is enabled by adding the command to your .htaccess file.

Add Rewrite Conditions and Rules: Use the following code to establish the necessary redirects.

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Breakdown of the Code

RewriteEngine On: This line enables the Apache rewrite engine, allowing the subsequent rules to take effect.

RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST}: This condition checks the original request (as received by the Apache server) for the presence of /subdomain/. The regular expression captures all matches in the URL.

RewriteRule: This rule specifies that if the rewrite condition is met, the user will be redirected to the subdomain, maintaining any additional parameters that may have been present in the URL.

Understanding THE_REQUEST

You may wonder what the THE_REQUEST variable is. It reflects the original HTTP request received by Apache, which includes the full request line such as GET /index.php?id=123 HTTP/1.1. The significance is that this variable does not change after the execution of other rewrite directives, making it a reliable source for defining your redirect rules.

Conclusion

By implementing the above redirect rules in your .htaccess file, you can ensure that all requests to the https://example.com/subdomain are properly redirected to https://sub.example.com, creating a cleaner URL structure and enhancing the user experience. Don’t underestimate the importance of managing your redirects effectively. It is a key aspect of maintaining a professional and user-friendly website.

Feel free to share your own experiences or questions regarding Apache redirects in the comments below!