Скачать или смотреть Fundamental rights and civil liberties movements in India | 11th | poltical science

The origins of the civil liberties movement in India can be traced back to the pre independence era, when the freedom struggle against colonial rule was gearing up. One of the main focus areas of these movements was the indefinite detention without trial. It was through issues like this that the civil liberties movement was included in the national movement. Post independence, the civil liberties movement was renewed in the late 1960s with the repression by the state of the Naxalites.

However, a major phase of the civil rights movement began after 1975, with the imposition of the national emergency. The national emergency imposed in India by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is considered to be a blot on Indian democracy. There were numerous excesses by the government including detention without trial for a large number of people, censorship on the press, trespassing private premises without legal sanction, and constitutional amendments curtailing basic rights to life and freedom. There were widespread protests against this anti-democratic move by the government. People from all quarters, from politics to academics, were taken aback by the authoritarian tendencies within the political system and the violation of basic civil liberties. This formed the intellectual and political setting that led to the origin of the civil and democratic rights movement. A number of civil liberties organisations emerged during this period to fight for civil and democratic rights.
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