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What Was The Italian Social Republic? The Italian Social Republic, also known as the Republic of Salò, was a significant political entity during World War II. Established in northern Italy, it existed from September 1943 until May 1945, following Italy's armistice with the Allies and subsequent German occupation. This republic was under the control of Nazi Germany, with Benito Mussolini at the helm after his rescue from arrest. The regime represented the final phase of the Italian Fascist government, claiming to govern northern and central Italy while relying heavily on German military support.

This period in history was marked by turmoil, including a civil war fueled by resistance from Italian partisans against the German occupation and the republic's collaboration with Nazi forces. The governance of the Italian Social Republic involved managing civilian administration, tax collection, and the presence of German troops. However, Mussolini's leadership was constrained by the overarching German influence, limiting the republic's autonomy.

The fall of the Italian Social Republic coincided with the defeat of Axis forces in Italy in May 1945, marking the end of fascist rule in the country. This chapter provides critical context for understanding the dynamics of fascism and political ideologies during a challenging era in Europe.

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