Subject Complement Examples | English Grammar Lesson | Step by Step | Part 1

Subject Complement Examples | English Grammar Lesson | Step by Step | Part 1

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Today we’ll learn about a confusing grammar rule.
In this two-part video series, we are going to learn about the use of words as “complements.”

In grammar, a complement is a word that improves or “completes” another word. This is easy to remember because, as you might have noticed, the words “complete” and “complement” have the same root!

In English, there are two types of complements: subject complements and object complements. In today’s video, we will learn about subject complements, but stay tuned to next week’s video for object complements!

A subject complement can only be used when a sentence has a linking verb, which is then followed by a word that modifies or renames the subject in some way. Thus, that word “complements,” or “completes,” the subject!

Sharon is a student.

Here, the word “student” is the subject complement, telling us more precisely who or what Sharon is.

John’s little brown dog was a Dachshund.
We definitely know more about the little dog because of this subject complement; it tells us his exact breed!

Now, you may know subject complements by another name: predicate nominatives. If so, you know that there are two kinds of predicate nominatives: predicate nouns and predicate adjectives.

The complements we just used---“student” and “Dachshund”---are both nouns, so those are “predicate nouns.” More specifically, this means that they are nouns within the predicate that link up with the subject by means of a linking verb.

Now, what about predicate adjectives? Easy! Instead of using a noun as the subject complement, you simply use an adjective:

Sharon is generous, always giving people gifts.

Here, the linking verb connects the subject, Sharon, with an adjective, generous, which improves our understanding of the kind of person Sharon is!

John’s little Dachshund was very playful.

Because of this helpful predicate adjective, we now have an improved understanding of John’s dog. He wasn’t lazy or mean; he loved to play!

Understanding subject complements, which are more commonly studied, can help you better understand object complements, so tune in next time to learn more!

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