What was the Earth like 3 Billion Years Ago ? | History of the Earth Documentary

🌍 Where did we come from?
How was the world around us formed?
These questions are powerful engines of reflection, responding to a visceral need to know where we come from, where we belong and to understand the world around us.
Our planet, Earth, is a planet like any other. Like others, it is unique. Planets share some of their history but have evolved differently, developing their own individualities. Earth is the only known planet that harbors life. Among all the organisms that have succeeded one another, one has demonstrated a great capacity to dominate its environment and adapt it to its needs: Man.

Man hates ignorance. That is why he began very early on to study these questions in order to understand the Earth. But can we really claim to know the Earth when so many interpretations and uncertainties are involved? Man studied the subject, first through philosophy, then through geology. The study of the lithosphere reveals an astonishing amount of information that allows us to trace its formation. Today a history of the Earth has been written since its birth, but the scenario is not set in stone and will continue to evolve as discoveries are made. It has not always resembled the beautiful, calm and peaceful blue planet. Its birth and "infancy" were chaos, an unprecedented hell with unimaginable heat.
How did it evolve into the Earth we know today?
What was the Earth like 3 billion years ago?

🔥 As a reminder, videos are posted on SUNDAYS at 18:00.


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💥 What was the Earth like 3 billion years ago? :
- A heavy, unbreathable atmosphere reigns on Earth. The planet is in a transition phase during which methane-producing microorganisms are giving way to photosynthetic organisms and releasing oxygen in large proportions. Earth resembles Saturn's moon Titan under a thick, impenetrable orange haze.

A new type of organism appears: coccoid bacteria in the form of spherules surrounded by a shell, a kind of photosynthetic plankton called phytoplankton. Taking advantage of a climate that has become moderate, this type of plankton, autotrophic in carbon, thrives. It obtains its energy through photosynthesis. Too small to be visible to the naked eye, it can appear on the surface of the water as a colored expanse if its organisms are present in sufficient quantity. Phytoplankton is a primary producer, since its function is to transform inorganic matter, such as CO2, mineral salts, light or water, into organic matter which is then used by other living organisms.

The appearance of eukaryotic cells is linked to the appearance of compartmentalization within the cells themselves. This is reflected in the presence, within the cell, of various organelles and a nucleus that imprisons the genetic material. Two billion years ago, the endosymbiosis of a protobacterium would have allowed the appearance of a particular organelle: the mitochondrion. During their evolution, cells meet and interact. Some cells absorb others. If digestion does not occur, the ingested organism reproduces inside the host cell. Eventually, the bacterium ceases to have autonomy and becomes an organelle.


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🎬 In today's program:
- 00:00 - Introduction.
- 01:52 - Pongola Glaciation
- 03:35 - Formation of the Kenorland supercontinent.
- 04:36 - Evolution of plate tectonics
- 06:35 - The Great Oxidation
- 09:27 - Atmospheric Evolution and Huronian Glaciations
- 13:32 - The ocean is full of huge iron deposits
- 14:48 - Phytoplankton expansion
- 15:53 - The beginning of the formation of the supercontinent Columbia
- 17:49 - The evolution of cells
- 22:42 - Arrival of mitochondria
- 24:22 - The bored billion and the ocean in between
- 26:50 - Fragmentation of the supercontinent Columbia
- 27:25 - The evolution of eukaryotic cells
- 29:52 - The formation of the supercontinent Rodinia
- 32:45 - A new episode of the snowball Earth: the Varanger glaciation
- 38:00 - The Pan-African orogeny
- 39:08 - The formation of the ozone layer
- 40:30 - Oceanic oxygenation "Neoproterozoic oxidation event" and Ediacaran fauna
- 46:50 - The Strange Face of the Earth
- 48:29 - The Cambrian faunal explosion
- 50:16 - The Tommot fauna
- 52:30 - The Chengjiang fauna
- 57:07 - Burgess Fauna
- 01:08:32 - Life is about to come out of the water