Скачать или смотреть The archaeometry of space - UISPP 2023 World Congress - Timisoara, Romania

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Can rock art be dated by the seasons of flora and fauna? Are we able to measurably survey terrestrial planes and night skies from distant millennia? Could we truly see the visions of Ice Age artists? Consider these tools in “The Archaeometry of Rock Art,” as presented at the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences / Union Internationale des Sciences Préhistoriques et Protohistoriques (UISPP) 2023 World Congress.

Animistic and shamanistic peoples worldwide have traditions of regarding geological formations as being spiritual and the observances of them in songs and myths are widely recorded in the anthropological record. We find these traditions carried directly and metaphorically into ancient religions and literature, often retaining seasonal and celestial information that reinforce the narrative. Such global observances may indicate prehistoric roots.

These geological observations are pareidolia and consistent with our ability to find other imaginary patterns, such as animals and faces of people in clouds and asterisms. This ability is also foundational to our internally processing and identifying recognizable patterns in drawings, engravings, sculptures and similarly constructed art forms. The ability to find pareidolia in the natural world is apparently innate to humans and logically should have preceded our earliest intentional art.

This interdisciplinary study was designed to determine if pareidolia predates cave art and whether consistent dating can be established between pareidolia outside of the caves and intentional images archaeologically dated on cave walls. Previously documented images of cave panels in Cantabria and Asturias, Spain were visually compared with photographs of prominent geological formations in the greater region. The visual orientations to the geological formations in their depicted seasons were compared with regionally known asterisms utilizing Starry Night Pro Plus 8, an astronomy software package utilized by professional astronomers and planetariums. The findings were also compared with the established archaeological dates of the cave images.

Fifteen panels of animals in nine caves were found to visually represent pareidolia observed at nine prominent geological formations outside of the caves. Findings from three panels in three caves are discussed in this presentation. They suggest that Upper Paleolithic cave artists in Northern Spain found geological features outside of caves that were meaningful to them through the pareidolia of both the geological formations and associated asterisms. The artists then projected those visualizations onto the walls of caves. The choices of cave panels by the Ice Age artists appear to have been determined by the initial identification of natural geological irregularities on the cave walls that had some visual similarities with the pareidolia observed outside of the caves. Those natural geological irregularities on the cave walls were then improved upon to be more closely represent the out of cave pareidolia. The millennium of the asterisms against the established archaeological dates using Starry Night Pro Plus 8 were found to be within the range of the archaeologically dated images through their seasonal and apparent positions relative to the horizon. This interdisciplinary approach offers clarifying additional tools and perspectives for the archaeometry of cave art.

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