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#humanhumanity1752 #consequentialism #deontology
Video is made to hold up the truth that outcome justifies the action through an allegorical story.
“End justifies the means” is an idiom said about a situation in which the final aim is so important that any way of achieving it is acceptable. It is to say that a desired result is so good or important that any method, even a morally bad one, may be used to achieve it.
The end justifies the means is a paraphrase of Niccolò Machiavelli. It means that if a goal is morally important enough, any method of getting it is acceptable. The idea is very old, but it was not meant to allow people to be cruel or mean if they do not need to be. It was part of a political philosophy (way of thinking) called consequentialism. The basic idea is that doing something can be judged by what happens because of it. All modern forms of consequentialism have to prevent tyrants (absolute rulers) from using this idea for evil.
This is the core of the distinction between two main ethical positions: deontology and consequentialism.
Deontology says that whether an action is "good" or "bad" depends on some quality of the action itself. Many believe that certain actions are inherently bad, things like murder, torture, stealing, etc. Some die-hard deontologists, like Kant, believe that lying, for example, is always bad. That is to say, these actions are never justified.
Consequentialism, on the other hand, says that whether an action is "good" or "bad" depends on the outcome. They propose some standard by which to measure the outcome (usually "utility"), and think that the best course of action is the one that maximizes utility. For consequentialists, the ends always justify the means.
Most people's ethical beliefs fall into some hybrid version of the two. Many people hold the deontological belief that some actions like rape and torture are never justified, while those same people may hold the consequentialist belief that it's sometimes okay to lie, like in the case of a "white lie".
The phrase "the end justifies the means" is a controversial statement suggesting that if a goal is desirable enough, any method of achieving it is acceptable, even if it involves unethical or immoral behaviour. This concept has been debated for centuries, with some arguing that the end does justify the means in certain situations, while others believe that the means must always be ethical and moral, regardless of the outcome.
Proponents of the idea that the end justifies the means argue that certain goals are so important that any method of achieving them is acceptable. For example, if a doctor has a patient who needs life-saving surgery but cannot afford it, the doctor might believe that it is justifiable to perform the surgery without the patient's consent, even if this violates medical ethics because the result is saving the patient's life.
Similarly, in the world of politics and war, some believe that certain actions, such as spying, sabotage, and even torture, can be justifiable if they lead to a desired outcome, such as preventing a terrorist attack or protecting national security.
However, critics of this philosophy argue that the means used to achieve a goal are just as important as the goal itself. They believe that the use of unethical or immoral methods can lead to harmful consequences that outweigh any potential benefits of achieving the desired outcome.

‘উদ্দেশ্য দিয়েই উপায়ের বিচার করা হয়’।কথাটি ইতালীয় দার্শনিক Niccolò Machiavelli ‘র একটি প্রবাদ। এই প্রবাদ দ্বারা বোঝানো হয় যে, চুড়ান্ত উদ্দেশ্য নীতিসম্মতভাবে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ হলে, তা অর্জনের জন্য ব্যবহৃত যে কোন উপায় গ্রহণযোগ্য।
এটি একটি political philosophy (way of thinking) যা consequentialism বা পরিণতিবাদ বলে পরিচিত। তার অর্থ হল একজনের আচরণের ফলাফল সেই আচরণের সঠিকতা বা অ সঠিকতা সম্পর্কে বিচারের চূড়ান্ত ভিত্তি। কেউ কোন কিছু করলে তার ভাল মন্দ বিচার হবে সে কাজের ফলাফলের দ্বারা। কিন্তু আধুনিক যুগে অত্যাচারী শাসকরা পরিণতিবাদ বা consequentialism দোহায় দিয়ে তাদের অন্যায় কাজের স্বীকৃতি আদায় করতে চায়।
যাহোক, কোন কাজের ফলাফল দিয়েই সে কাজের যথার্থতা বিচার করা হয়। অর্থাৎ আপাতদৃষ্টিতে কোন কাজ অন্যায় বা খারাপ দেখা গেলেও কাজটির ফলাফল দ্বারা সেটি খারাপ না ভাল সেটা নির্ণয় করা যুক্তিযুক্ত। এ ধারণাটির যৌক্তিকতা একটি রুপক গল্পের মাধ্যমে তুলে ধারার জন্য ভিডিওটি তৈরি করা হয়েছে।