On the way home after winning the European Cup quarter-final against Red Star Belgrade, Manchester United players, officials and journalists boarded the British European Airways flight 609 which stopped at the Munich-Riem Airport, West Germany for refueling. During the take-off attempt by captains James Thain and Kenneth Rayment, the “Elizabethan” class Airspeed Ambassador skidded off the end of the runway crashing into fences of the airport and across a road before its port wing was torn off as it caught a house. The disaster claimed 23 lives including those of eight Man United players - Geoff Bent, Roger Byrne, Eddie Colman, Duncan Edwards, Mark Jones, David Pegg, Tommy Taylor and Billy Whelan.
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The commencement of the global powerhouse brand, Manchester United, dates back to 1878 as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878 by the Carriage and Wagon department of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) depot at Newton Heath. During the initial years, the team was seen playing against other departments and rail companies and went through a set of challenges. On 20 November 1880, they competed in their first recorded match wearing the railway company colours - green and gold which they unfortunately lost. The club also served with a winding-up order in January 1902 with debts of £2,670. To tackle the situation, Captain Harry Stafford found four local businessmen including John Henry Davies, who later became the club president, who each invested £500 in return for a direct interest in running the club. This led to the official birth of “Manchester United” on 24 April 1902. It won the First Division for the second time in 1911, but at the end of the following season, Mangnall left the club to join Manchester City.
“The Red Devils” have rivalries with Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool and Manchester City, against whom they contest the Manchester derby. The rivalry with Liverpool is rooted in competition between the cities during the Industrial Revolution when Manchester was famous for its textile industry while Liverpool was a major port. However, it is believed that no other club has emerged in such a tremendous manner like that of Man United due to the dedication and hard work of each of its players as well as managers including A. H. Albut, James West, Ernest Mangnall, John Bentley, Lal Hilditch, Walter Crickmer, Matt Busby, Frank O'Farrell, Alex Ferguson, David Moyes, Ryan Giggs and Louis van Gaal. The club faced a disastrous phrase during 1958 when the Munich air disaster claimed the lives of its eight players.
Manchester United has won a total of 20 league titles, most of any English club, a joint-record 11 FA Cups, four League Cups as well as a record 20 FA Community Shields. In addition to these, it has also won three European Cups, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup. In 1968, under the management of Matt Busby, the club was the first English football club to win the European Cup. During Alex Ferguson's tenure from 1986 to 2013, Man United won 28 major honours. Louis van Gaal was appointed as the club's new manager after Ferguson's successor David Moyes was sacked after only 10 months in charge.
In terms of revenue, Man United was the second-richest football club in the world for 2013 - 14 with an annual revenue of €518 million along with being the third most valuable football club in 2014 with a valued of $2.810 billion. The club has fans and supporters from each corner of the world including Europe and Asia. After being floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1991, the club was purchased by Malcolm Glazer in May 2005 in a deal valuing the club at almost £800 million, after which the company was taken private again. In August 2012, Manchester United made an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange.
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