@RequestParam vs @PathVariable Spring boot | Differences | Path variable Request param |Code Decode

All about path variable and request param and their differences is explained in this video of code decode

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What is path and query params
Path parameters are used to identify a specific resource or entity within the URL. They are specified in the URL path, enclosed in curly braces ({}). In this case, the employeeId parameter is used to identify a specific employee by their unique ID.

Query parameters, on the other hand, are used to provide additional information or filter criteria. They are specified after the question mark (?) in the URL, and each parameter is represented as a key-value pair separated by an ampersand (&). In this example, the startYear parameter is used to filter the list of employees to those who started working in 2023, and the gender parameter is used to filter the list to those who identify as female.


When to use what
In Spring Boot 3,

you should use @RequestParam when you want to extract optional parameters from the query string of the URL. These parameters are not essential for identifying the resource but can be used to filter or refine the request.

On the other hand, you should use @PathVariable when you want to extract mandatory parameters from the path segment of the URL. These parameters are essential for identifying the specific resource being accessed

Difference
@RequestParam
@PathVariable
Usage
Extracts values from query parameters or form data in the URL.
Extracts values from the URI path.
Location
Query parameters in the URL after the question mark (?).
Path segments in the URI enclosed in curly braces ({}).
Required Status
You can set it to required is false then parameter is set to null (or a default if specified).
Required by default; if not present, a 404 error is thrown.
Handling Multiple Values
Can handle multiple values for the same parameter name using arrays or List.
Typically used for single values; handling multiple values in path segments can be more complex.


Encoding of Values
Values are automatically URL-decoded.
Values are automatically URL-decoded.


Flexibility in URL Structure
More flexible in terms of changing the order of parameters or adding/removing parameters.
Requires adherence to the specific structure defined in the URI template.
Handling Form Data
Ideal for handling form data submitted through HTML forms.
Not suitable for handling form data directly. Typically used for extracting values from the URI path.
Affect on URI Path Structure
Does not affect the structure of the URI path.
The presence of path variables directly affects the structure of the URI path.


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