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Blood cells play essential roles in immunity by defending the body against infections, toxins, and other harmful substances. Here's how the key types of blood cells contribute to immunity:

1. White Blood Cells (WBCs) – The Immune System’s Soldiers
White blood cells (also called leukocytes) are the main players in the immune response. They are produced in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood and lymphatic system.

Types of WBCs and Their Functions:
Neutrophils:

First responders to infections, especially bacterial or fungal.
Engulf and destroy pathogens through a process called phagocytosis.
Release enzymes to kill invaders.
Lymphocytes:

B cells: Produce antibodies to neutralize or mark pathogens for destruction.
T cells: Attack infected or cancerous cells directly (cytotoxic T cells) or help coordinate the immune response (helper T cells).
Natural Killer (NK) cells: Target and destroy virus-infected and tumor cells.
Monocytes:

Transform into macrophages or dendritic cells in tissues.
Macrophages engulf pathogens and dead cells, acting as "clean-up" cells.
Dendritic cells present antigens to lymphocytes to initiate an immune response.
Eosinophils:

Combat larger parasites, such as worms.
Play a role in allergic reactions.
Basophils:

Release histamine and other chemicals during allergic reactions or inflammation.

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