Скачать или смотреть Step-by-Step Process of 5 Equipment used in Borewell Drilling

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Step-by-Step Process of 5 Equipment used in Borewell Drilling
*1. Drilling Rig*
**Purpose**: The backbone of borewell drilling, used to create the borehole.
**Step-by-Step Process**:
1. **Setup**: Anchor the rig to the ground for stability.
2. **Power Up**: Connect to a diesel engine or hydraulic power source.
3. **Drilling Action**: Rotate the drill pipe (rotary method) or hammer (percussion method) to break through soil/rock layers.
4. **Depth Control**: Monitor depth sensors to reach the aquifer (water-bearing layer).
**Pro Tip**: Use rotary rigs for soft soil and percussion rigs for hard rock.

**Visual Suggestion**: Show rig setup timelapse + close-ups of drilling action.

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*2. Drill Bit*
**Purpose**: Cuts through soil, rock, or clay to create the borehole.
**Types**:
*Tricone Roller Bit* (for hard rock).
*Drag Bit* (for soft soil/clay).
**Step-by-Step Process**:
1. **Attach Bit**: Secure the appropriate bit to the drill pipe.
2. **Lubrication**: Use water or drilling fluid to reduce friction and cool the bit.
3. **Replace When Worn**: Swap bits when progress slows (e.g., every 50–100 feet).
**Pro Tip**: Diamond-tipped bits last longer in rocky terrain but are costly.

**Visual Suggestion**: Split-screen comparison of bits cutting through different layers.

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*3. Mud Pump*
**Purpose**: Circulates drilling fluid to remove debris, cool the bit, and stabilize the borehole.
**Step-by-Step Process**:
1. **Mix Drilling Fluid**: Combine water + bentonite clay (acts as a lubricant).
2. **Pump Activation**: Inject fluid down the drill pipe.
3. **Debris Removal**: Fluid carries cuttings back to the surface.
4. **Recycle**: Filter and reuse the fluid to reduce waste.
**Pro Tip**: Monitor fluid pressure—too high can fracture the borehole walls!

**Visual Suggestion**: Animated diagram of fluid circulation + real-time slurry flow.

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*4. Casing Pipes*
**Purpose**: Prevent borehole collapse and block contaminants.
**Material**: PVC (lightweight) or steel (durable).
**Step-by-Step Process**:
1. **Measure & Cut**: Size pipes to fit the borehole diameter.
2. **Lower into Borehole**: Use a crane or rig to insert casings.
3. **Seal Joints**: Waterproof the connections with rubber seals or welding.
4. **Gravel Packing**: Fill gaps between casing and borehole with gravel for filtration.
**Pro Tip**: Always extend casing 1–2 feet above ground to prevent surface runoff entry.

**Visual Suggestion**: Close-up of casing installation + gravel packing demo.

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*5. Bailer or Cleanout Tool*
**Purpose**: Removes sludge, debris, and water from the borehole.
**Step-by-Step Process**:
1. **Lower Bailer**: Attach to a winch and drop into the borehole.
2. **Collect Debris**: Let the bailer fill with sludge via a one-way valve.
3. **Retrieve & Empty**: Pull up and dump debris into a pit.
4. **Repeat**: Clean until water runs clear.
**Pro Tip**: Use air compressors for faster cleaning in deep borewells.