Скачать или смотреть How to Implement Custom Decoding for Nested Models in Swift

Learn how to effectively use `custom decoding` in Swift for handling nested models like Business and BusinessDetail when developing an iOS app.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/62274033/ asked by the user 'Jin Lee' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/12395269/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/62274573/ provided by the user 'New Dev' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/968155/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Custom Decoding of Nested Models in Swift

In Swift development, especially when building applications that rely heavily on data from APIs, it is not uncommon to encounter the need for custom decoding of JSON objects. This is particularly true when working with nested models, as is the case in our food app using Yelp Fusion API.

Let's break down how we can create a robust Swift implementation to decode our model structures effectively.

Understanding the Structures

We have two important models in our food app: Business and BusinessDetail. The Business model is intended to represent a list of restaurants fetched from the backend, while the BusinessDetail model is designed for detailed information about a specific business when selected. Here’s a quick look at both structures:

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The Custom Decoding Process

To decode these models from JSON, we need to implement the Decodable protocol. Here’s how to customize the decoding for both Business and BusinessDetail, especially given that BusinessDetail shares a lot of the same properties as Business.

Step 1: Decode the Business Model

Here's how the Business struct is set up for decoding:

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Step 2: Decode the BusinessDetail Model

Now, let’s modify the BusinessDetail model. Instead of repeating the same properties, we can embed the Business model inside it:

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Step 3: Implementing the Decodable for BusinessDetail

The decoding for BusinessDetail then simply becomes:

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Conclusion

By embedding the Business model inside the BusinessDetail model, we avoid redundancy and streamline the decoding process. This approach not only contributes to cleaner code but also makes it easier to maintain and update in the future.

When working with JSON APIs, always ensure your models are accurately represented, and leverage Swift's powerful Decodable protocol to manage both simplicity and functionality.

Happy coding!