How a Power Steering Pump Works

Here's how a power steering pump works to provide pressure to the power steering rack on your car.

A power steering pump is essentially a vane pump. Inside, a rotor with translating vanes rotates inside an eccentric cam housing.

The vanes are flung toward the outside of the cam housing on either side where pockets are formed. As the rotor rotates, the pockets become smaller as the vanes retract. This creates a high pressure zone on one end, and a low pressure zone on the other end, driving the fluid flow.

Power steering pumps are self regulating, in that they can regulate the flow of the fluid coming out as the engine RPM increases. Inside the flow control valve consists of a ball and a spring. Excess fluid is pumped pass the spring and back out to the low pressure inlet port. That's how the steering effort is not over-boosted at higher speeds.

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