Скачать или смотреть 🌾⁴☆•³ Soft-Leaved Grasstree (Xanthorrhoea malacophylla) in Aloe Family (Asphodelaceae)

▪︎ Soft-Leaved Grasstree (Xanthorrhoea malacophylla) in 'Asphodel, Aloe, Haworthia' Family (Asphodelaceae) endemic to New South Wales, Australia.

Xanthorrhoea - xanthos 'yellow' + rhoea 'flowing, to flow' referring to Yellow resin that flows from plant's stem. Specific Epithet malacophylla - malakos 'soft' + phyllon 'leaf' indicating plant's soft leaves.

Mature plants form a single or branched trunk that ranges between 2-6 metres in height.

Grass-like leaves, which are usually around 3 mm wide are distinguished from other species by their softness & sponginess.

Flowers appear - May & September in scapes (1.3-1.8 metres long). These flowers are small & Cream to White to Yellow in color, each with 6 linear Tepals & typically 6 Stamens surrounding a single carpel. Form densely packed clusters on a long spear-like spike.

Fruit is a capsule with 1or 2 seeds per loculus. Seeds are typically semi-matt Black & ovate.
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▪︎ Genus Xanthorrhoea • 28 - Grasstrees

All are perennials & have a secondary thickening meristem in stem. Many but not all species develop an above ground stem. Stem may take up to 20 years to emerge. Begin as a crown of rigid grass-like leaves, caudex slowly growing beneath. Main stem or branches continue to develop beneath crown. This is rough-surfaced, built from accumulated leaf-bases around secondarily thickened trunk. Trunk is sometimes unbranched, some species will branch if growing point is damaged & others naturally grow numerous branches.

Flowers are borne on a long spike above a bare section called a Scape; total length can be over 3-4 metres long in some species. Flowering occurs in a distinct period, which varies for each species & often stimulated by bushfire. Fires will burn leaves & blacken trunk, but plant survives as dead leaves around stem serve as insulation against heat of a wildfire.

Rate of growth is slow (0.8-6 cm. in height per year), but increase in response to season & rainfall. After initial establishment phase, rate of growth varies widely from species to species. Thus, while a 5-metre-tall member of fastest-growing may be 200 years old, a member of a more slowly growing species of equal height may have aged to 600 years. Many only flower for first time when they are 100 or more years old.

Resin is used in spear-making.
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³☆ Order Arecales • 2584, 191
•¹ Family Arecaceae • 2564, 187 - Palm
•² Family Dasypogonaceae • 20, 4 - Kingia 🤔
Unrelated Australian plants Kingia & Dasypogon, misnamed as 'Grasstrees'.
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🌾 Clade Monocots • 83495, 5184 Genera

¹☆ Order Acorales • 2, 1
²☆ Order Alismatales • 5199, 202
³☆ Order Arecales • 2584, 191
⁴☆ Order Asparagales • 42154, 3330
⁵☆ Order Commelinales • 972, 57
⁶☆ Order Dioscoreales • 934, 22
⁷☆ Order Liliales • 1864, 60
⁸☆ Order Pandanales • 1610, 35
⁹☆ Order Petrosaviales • 3, 2
¹⁰☆ Order Poales • 25057, 1181
¹¹☆ Order Zingiberales • 3116, 103
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⁴☆ Order Asparagales • 42154, 3330

•¹ Family Amaryllidaceae • 2595, 86 - Amaryllis
•² Asparagaceae • 3544, 125 - Asparagus
•³ Asphodelaceae • 1330, 71 - Asphodel, Aloe, Haworthia
•⁴ Asteliaceae • 37, 3 - Astelia
•⁵ Blandfordiaceae • 5, 1 - Christmas Bells
•⁶ Boryaceae • 13, 2
•⁷ Doryanthaceae • 2, 1
•⁸ Hypoxidaceae • 166, 5
•⁹ Iridaceae • 2638, 69 - Iris
•¹⁰ Ixioliriaceae • 4, 1
•¹¹ Lanariaceae • 1, 1 - Lambtails
•¹² Orchidaceae • 31790, 2955 - Orchids
•¹³ Tecophilaeaceae • 27, 9
•¹⁴ Xeronemataceae • 2, 1
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•³ Family Asphodelaceae • 1330, 71 - Asphodel, Aloe, Haworthia

▪︎ Genus Agrostocrinum • 2
Aloe • 623 - Aloes
Aloestrela • 1
Aloiampelos • 7 - Climbing Aloes
Aloidendron • 7 - Tree Aloes
Aristaloe • 1 - Lace Aloes
Arnocrinum • 3
Asphodeline • 17 - Asphodelines
Asphodelus • 18 - Asphodels
Astroloba • 12

Bulbine • 91 - Kopievas
Bulbinella • 25 - Maori Onions

Caesia • 14 - Grasslilies
Chamaescilla • 4
Corynotheca • 13

Dianella • 41 - Flax-Lilies

Eremurus • 66 - Foxtail Lilies
Excremis • 1

Gasteria • 32 - Gasterias
Geitonoplesium • 1
Gonialoe • 4 - Partridge Aloes

Haworthia • 66 - Haworthias
Haworthiopsis • 34 - Sixsided Haworthias
Hemerocallis • 21 - Daylilies
Hensmania • 3
Herpolirion • 1
Hodgsoniola • 1

Johnsonia • 5

Kniphofia • 75 - Pokers
Kumara • 2 - Fan Aloes

Pasithea • 1
Phormium • 2 - New Zealand Flaxes

Rhuacophila • 1

Simethis • 1
Stawellia • 2
Stypandra • 2

Thelionema • 3
Trachyandra • 60 - Capespinachs
Tricoryne • 10
Tulista • 4 - Tulistas

Xanthorrhoea • 28 - Grasstrees

× Algastoloba • 0
× Aloiampaloe • 0
× Alolirion • 0
× Aloloba • 0
× Alonialoe • 1
× Alostaloe • 0
× Altulista • 0
× Altulisteria • 0
× Alworthia • 0
× Aristeria • 4
× Astrolista • 1
× Astroworthiopsis • 0
× Bayerara • 0
× Chamaeloba • 0
× Cummingara • 0
× Gasteraloe • 8
× Gasterhaworthia • 3
× Gasterlirion • 0
× Gastonialoe • 5
× Gastrolirion • 1
× Gastroloba • 1
× Gastulista • 0
× Gasworthiopsis • 0
× Goniloba • 0
× Gonimara • 1
× Hawiopsis • 0
× Kumalista • 0
× Maysara • 0
× Tulworthia • 0
× Tulworthiopsis • 0
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