Скачать или смотреть Bsc nursing Microbiology|Unit-3|Pathogenic Organisms|Lecture-7

Applied Microbiology
Unit-3
Pathogenic Organisms
Topic- Spiroochetes
Lecture-7

Pathogenic organisms are microorganisms that can cause disease in humans. They include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths (parasitic worms). These organisms enter the human body through various routes such as inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, or insect bites, and multiply to produce infection.
Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can cause diseases like tuberculosis, pneumonia, and typhoid. Viruses are the smallest pathogens that live inside host cells and cause infections like influenza, hepatitis, and COVID-19. Fungi cause diseases such as ringworm and candidiasis, while protozoa cause malaria and amoebiasis. Helminths like roundworms and tapeworms affect the intestinal tract and lead to nutritional deficiencies.
Pathogenic organisms damage host tissues by releasing toxins, enzymes, or by triggering immune reactions. The severity of infection depends on the virulence of the organism and the immunity of the host.
In nursing, knowledge of pathogenic organisms is essential for infection control and prevention. Nurses play a key role in maintaining aseptic techniques, hand hygiene, sterilization, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and isolation procedures.
Understanding pathogenic organisms helps nurses protect both patients and themselves, ensuring a safe and hygienic healthcare environment.

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