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Vyšehrad-
Vyšehrad dates back to the 10th century and is the legendary seat of countless princes. Although lesser known than the other castle in Prague, it is equally significant in terms of history.
The walled city reached it's prime during the second half of the 11th century. King, Vratislav II, resided here at that time. He despised his brother Jaromír, the then, Bishop of Prague who ruled from Prague Castle. The Church of St. Peter and Paul was also constructed during his reign.
However, over time, the Bishop lost his authority over the church and it was returned to the pope. Also within the fortress walls, is The Rotunda of St. Martin. The oldest preserved rotunda in Prague. It looks exactly the same today, as it did in the 11th century.
After the death of the King, Vyšehrad functioned as a royal fortress for eight hundred years. Then in the 14th century, Charles IV made the village come alive yet again. The site was incorporated it into the king's royal procession. It was from here, that the ruler set out on foot for his pilgrimage through town, to be crowned King of Bohemia.
At the time, Vyšehrad resembled a craftsman’s settlement, but retained its symbolic and mythical significance for hundreds of years.
It's role as a fortress was re-established in the 17th century. The Baroque system of ramparts and gates were created by Carlo Lurago (North Italian Baroque Classicism).
Then, when the defensive function of Vyšehrad was no longer necessary, the cemetery began to expand and later became the national cemetery. Since then, the most distinguished Czech personalities have been laid to rest here. Legendary figures from the past come to life at this enchanting escape.