Скачать или смотреть Rectal Cancer में Radiation क्यों दी जाती है? | Radiation in Rectal Cancer! | Dr Praveen Kammar

Hi, I’m Dr Praveen Kammar, Cancer Surgeon.
I specialize in digestive system and gynecologic cancers. Today, I’ll explain why we use radiation therapy in rectal cancer. Many patients often ask if surgery alone is enough. Let’s walk through the logic, the benefits, and what really happens inside the body when we use radiation.
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The Video Flow:
0:00 – Introduction
0:44 – Why Radiation Before Surgery
1:01 – Benefits of Radiation
1:33 – MRI: Male Patient
2:25 – MRI: Female Patient
3:21 – Role of Margins
3:44 – Axial View: Nerve Supply
4:25 – Conclusion
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Rectal Cancer में Radiation क्यों दी जाती है? | Radiation in Rectal Cancer! | Dr Praveen Kammar

Why Radiation Before Surgery?
We used to give radiation after surgery. But that caused more side effects and complications. That’s why, for many years now, we give radiation before surgery. The goal is to shrink the tumor and improve surgical outcomes. In some cases, radiation along with chemotherapy can even eliminate the cancer completely.

What Does Radiation Do?
Radiation reduces tumor size. It also sterilizes microscopic disease in surrounding tissues. This makes surgery safer, more effective, and reduces the risk of cancer being left behind. When we remove a smaller tumor, recovery is better and chances of cure go up.

MRI of a Male Patient
Let’s look at an MRI of a male patient. The tumor is close to the prostate and bladder. The rectum is surrounded by fat, known as mesorectum. This entire area is tight, and surgery here is tricky. If we operate without shrinking the tumor first, there’s a risk of leaving cancer behind in microscopic pockets, especially near the prostate.

MRI of a Female Patient
Now, here’s an MRI of a female patient. You can see the tumor is very close to the uterus and vaginal canal. The bladder is collapsed and pushed forward. In this narrow pelvic space, the cancer lies dangerously close to essential organs. If we try surgery directly, we may have to remove the uterus or other structures, or we risk incomplete removal.
Radiation here helps by shrinking the tumor away from these organs. It creates clear margins and sterilizes areas around it. That’s what gives us confidence during surgery.

How It Helps with Margins
When we say “margins,” we mean the border between the tumor and healthy tissue. In rectal cancer, the most important is the circumferential margin—the space between the tumor and the pelvic wall. Radiation clears this margin, making it easier to perform complete surgery and preserve important nerves and organs.

Understanding the Nerve Supply
In axial MRI views, we also see the nerve pathways around the rectum, bladder, and uterus. These nerves control urination, bowel movements, and sexual function. Radiation helps us plan surgery better, avoid nerve damage, and keep long-term side effects minimal.

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About Dr. Praveen Kammar

Dr Praveen Kammar is a surgical oncologist practising in the city of Mumbai.
He completed his MCh course in surgical oncology from the reputed Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, one of the premier cancer care centres in the country. He also holds a fellowship in Colorectal surgery from Yopnsei cancer centre, Seoul, South Korea. Dr Praveen’s main area of focus is colorectal and GI oncology, Gynecological cancers, minimal access surgeries for abdominal and thoracic malignancies, transanal surgeries, and sphincter-saving surgeries for rectal cancer, cytoreductive surgeries, and HIPEC for advanced abdominal cancers.


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