Caste Tribe Settlements: Types, Features, Continuum, Cultural Approximation, Hinduization|Sociology

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Chapters:
0:00 Caste-Tribe Settlements
1:10 Introduction of Caste-Tribe Settlements
2:15 Features of Tribal Settlements
2:57 Types of Settlement
4:18 Continuum
5:03 Caste Tribe Continuum
6:37 Cultural Approximation
7:15 Hinduization
9:22 MCQ About Caste-Tribe Settlements

#ruralsociology #ruralandpeasantsociety#ugc-net #castetribesettlements #introductionofcastetribesettlements #featuresoftribalsettlements #typesofsettlement #continuum #castetribecontinuum #culturalapproximation #hinduization #mcqaboutcastetribesettlements #testprep
Introduction
Own culture and traditions of tribes
With time, economy and the needs of society grew
New and skilled people were required for new product demands
Smaller castes emerged within varnas
New castes appeared amongst the Brahmins
Various tribes were taken into caste-based society and given the status of jatis

Features of Tribal Settlements
Agricultural dependency
Closely related to nature
Low income due to primitive methods
Low standard of living
Simple lifestyle
Sparsely populated
Primary and close relationship among each other
Types Of Settlement
Compact settlement :
Resources available in plenty
Mode of transport
Dense
Miscellaneous settlement
Isolated or deserted
Scarce resources
Scattered houses

Rural settlement
Defined regional boundary
Similar to village
Caste-tribe continuum settlement
Surajit Sinha
Tribes converting into caste by contact
Changing lifestyle

Continuum
The concept of ‘continuum’ was initially coined by Robert Redfield in his work The Folk Culture of Yucatan
‘Folk-urban’ continuum model
One pole to another
Tribe to caste
Equality to inequality
“We view caste and tribe as the opposite ends of a single line.” F.G. Bailey
Caste Tribe Continuum
Transition from the tribe to caste
Long process
Multiple changes
Due to formation of various social institutions and remaking them
Private property
The caste system
The state
Patriarchal society




Role of ethnocentrism (here, Hinduism)
Yearned to become Hindus in the past
Old society dissolves
New society emerges
New division of labour
New hierarchy
A new type of class formation
Instead of the break-up of tribes – there is transformation of tribes into castes.
Cultural approximation
Village Botia in UP
To study problem of tribe-caste mobility
Cultural approximation both as a process and as an end product at a given time
Form of adaptation
Interactive and mutually beneficial cultural co-existence
Hinduization
Srinivas and Redfield
Acculturation best to understand the tribe-caste mobility in India
Primary concern - social mobility of the group and not individual
During the process of restructuring themselves they accept trends of dominant group
Another feature of this argument is that the tribes are interacting with a caste category and not with individuals in a society.
As the importance is attached to rank, hierarchy, ritual, pollution and purity, they dominate all other considerations of modalities of interaction.
People are adapted to the dominant trends visible in the society in which they participate
This phenomenon is described as neo-caste system in which a traditional model which was based on a series of dyadic relationships
Social exchange in the tribe caste continuum with the presence of the process of Hinduization and Sanskritization. #ugcnet #doorsteptutor #examrace