Скачать или смотреть Beliefs and history of the world's most mysterious Yazidi religion, History of religions, religions

The Yazidi religion is a monotheistic faith with ancient roots and unique beliefs, history, and teachings. Here’s an overview:

Beliefs

1. **Monotheism**: Yazidis believe in one God, who created the world and entrusted it to seven Holy Beings, the chief of whom is Melek Taus, the Peacock Angel.

2. **Melek Taus**: Central to Yazidi theology, Melek Taus is a complex figure, representing both good and evil, and is revered as God's representative on Earth. Contrary to some interpretations, Yazidis do not equate Melek Taus with Satan.

3. **Reincarnation**: Yazidis believe in the transmigration of souls, where the soul passes through cycles of death and rebirth until it attains purity.

4. **Sacred Symbols**: The religion has several symbols, the most significant being the Peacock, representing Melek Taus.

History

1. **Ancient Origins**: The Yazidi faith is believed to have originated in Mesopotamia, with influences from pre-Zoroastrian, pre-Christian, and pre-Islamic beliefs.

2. **Sheikh Adi**: The modern form of Yazidism is attributed to Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir, a 12th-century Sufi mystic whose teachings and reforms shaped the contemporary religious practices.

3. **Persecution**: Throughout history, Yazidis have faced persecution due to their beliefs. Major recent atrocities include the genocidal campaign by ISIS in 2014, which resulted in mass killings, enslavement, and displacement of Yazidis.

Teachings

1. **Scriptures**: The primary Yazidi texts are the "Mishefa Reş" (Black Book) and the "Kitêba Cilwe" (Book of Revelation). These scriptures contain the teachings, hymns, and religious laws.

2. **Oral Tradition**: Much of Yazidi knowledge and religious practice is transmitted orally through hymns and stories recited by religious leaders known as qewals.

3. **Pilgrimage**: The most important religious site for Yazidis is the shrine of Sheikh Adi in Lalish, Iraq. Pilgrimage to Lalish is a central aspect of Yazidi worship.

4. **Religious Practices**: Yazidis observe numerous festivals and rites, including the New Year (Sere Sal) in mid-April, and the Feast of the Assembly in Lalish. They also practice prayer rituals and have specific dietary laws.

Community Structure

1. **Caste System**: Yazidi society is structured into a caste system consisting of three main groups: the Mir (Prince), Sheikh, and Pîr. Each group has specific religious and social functions.

2. **Role of Sheikhs and Pîrs**: Religious authority is vested in sheikhs and pîrs, who conduct rituals and provide spiritual guidance.

Contemporary Issues

1. **Displacement and Genocide**: The 2014 ISIS attack led to significant displacement, with many Yazidis now living in refugee camps or abroad.

2. **Cultural Revival**: Efforts are underway to revive and preserve Yazidi culture and traditions, with international support for documenting and teaching the faith to new generations.

The Yazidi religion, with its rich tapestry of ancient traditions and resilience in the face of persecution, continues to captivate interest due to its unique beliefs and the enduring strength of its adherents.