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The Magna Carta, signed by King John of England on June 15, 1215, at Runnymede near Windsor, is a landmark document in the history of democracy and the rule of law¹². Drafted by Archbishop Stephen Langton and the rebellious barons, it was created under immense pressure due to King John's unpopular reign, marked by heavy taxation and military failures².

The Magna Carta, or "Great Charter," contained 63 clauses addressing various grievances. Key provisions included the protection of church rights, protection from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown¹. Notably, Clause 39 stated that no free man could be imprisoned or stripped of his rights without a lawful judgment by his peers or by the law of the land².

Although initially annulled by Pope Innocent III, the Magna Carta was reissued with alterations in 1216, 1217, and 1225 by subsequent rulers, including King John's son, Henry III¹. Its principles influenced the development of common law and constitutional documents worldwide, including the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights².

The Magna Carta's legacy lies in its establishment of the idea that the monarch's power was not absolute and that even the king was subject to the law. This concept of the rule of law and individual rights has profoundly impacted modern legal and political systems, shaping our understanding of justice and governance¹².

¹: [Britannica](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magn...)
²: [History.com](https://www.history.com/topics/europe...)

Source: Conversation with Copilot, 20/12/2024
(1) Magna Carta | Definition, History, Summary, Dates, Rights, Significance .... https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magn....
(2) Magna Carta ‑ Summary, Facts & Rights - HISTORY. https://www.history.com/topics/europe....
(3) Magna Carta - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_C....

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