Hackman and Oldham The Job Characteristics Model

The theory has its roots in Frederick Herzberg two-factor theory of motivation. Which job conditions create motivation for the individual employee is the main focal in Hackman and Oldham's theory. They do not believe it is possible to create motivation, if the job is monotonous and boring for the individual employee.

J. Richard Hackman and Greg R. Oldham developed "the job characteristics theory" in 1975. They expanded the theory in 1980.

The theory has its roots in Frederick Herzberg two-factor theory of motivation. Hackman and Oldham's theory focuses on identifying what job conditions motivate individual employees. They do not believe it is possible to create motivation, if the job is monotonous and boring for the individual employee.

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0:00 Introduction of the authors and the purpose of the model
0:43 Core job characteristics are the starting point of the theory
1:10 Core job characteristics - Skill variety
1:56 Core job characteristics - Task identity
2:37 Core job characteristics - Task significance
3:03 Core job characteristics - Autonomy
3:40 Core job characteristics - Feedback from the job
4:13 Critical psychological states on the individual employee
4:35 Critical psychological state - Experienced meaningfulness of the work
5:21 Critical psychological state - Experienced responsibility for outcomes of the work
6:00 Critical psychological state - Knowledge of the actual results of the work activities
6:34 Personal and work outcomes
7:15 Personal and work outcome - High internal work motivation
7:32 Personal and work outcome - High satisfaction with work
7:47 Personal and work outcome - Low absenteeism and turnover
8:07 Personal and work outcome - High quality work performance
8:24 A cause-effect chain - the right job=high motivation
8:58 Does the model apply to every employee?
9:35 Three moderators that effects employee respond to job enrichment
9:48 Moderator - Employee growth need strength
10:16 Moderator - Knowledge and skill
10:46 Moderator - Context satisfactions
11:16 The three moderators impact on the models three columns
11:59 Example - paramedic
14:17 Example - reverse use
15:02 Criticism of the model

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The Motivation-Hygiene theory developed by Frederick Irving Herzberg
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Maslow's hierarchy of needs
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The correlation between Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and Herzberg's two factor theory is reviewed here
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