Скачать или смотреть Solving the Liquibase Migration Issues in Spring Boot Integration Tests Using Testcontainers

Learn how to troubleshoot and resolve `Liquibase` migration problems during Spring Boot integration testing with Testcontainers.
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Troubleshooting Liquibase Migration Issues in Spring Boot Tests

If you're working with Spring Boot, Liquibase, and Testcontainers, you might have encountered the frustrating MigrationFailedException during your integration tests. This error often arises when trying to insert records into a database with unique constraints, such as email addresses, which can lead to duplicate key violations. In this post, we'll dive into a specific issue and its solution, ensuring you can run your tests smoothly.

The Problem

Imagine you have a Spring Boot application configured with Liquibase for database migrations and Testcontainers for running tests against a PostgreSQL database. While executing tests aimed at creating new users, you receive an exception that states:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This issue occurs because the test setup is trying to insert a user with an email that already exists in the database, leading to a unique constraint violation.

Breakdown of the Test Code

The test at hand uses Spock for testing and looks something like this:

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The test is designed to ensure that if a user attempts to sign up with an email that already exists, a 400 Bad Request response is returned.

Class Configuration

Here's the base class configuration for the integration test:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This class sets up the environment for running tests by utilizing a PostgreSQL container from Testcontainers.

Understanding the Migration Error

Why It Happens

The migration error is caused by Liquibase attempting to run the inserts defined in your changelog files during the test setup. Since these files contain commands to insert the same email value (john.doe@ example.com), they clash with the database's unique constraints when re-run.

Debugging Insights

You discovered that commenting out the migration leads to a different behavior:

When userRepository.save(userDto) was called before the postForEntity method, the expected exception was thrown.

Removing the insert migration caused the database to halt insertion errors at the database layer, which is more informative.

The Solution: Configure Testcontainers Correctly

After some digging, the solution to the migration issue lies in correctly configuring Testcontainers to use its driver. By updating your application-test.properties file, you can resolve the conflict:

Updated Configuration

Add these two lines:

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This ensures that your application correctly uses the Testcontainers driver to connect to the database, instead of the default PostgreSQL driver. This setup mitigates conflicts with existing data and constraints during integration testing.

Conclusion

By understanding the common pitfalls of integration tests involving Liquibase, PostgreSQL, and Testcontainers, you can effectively prevent and troubleshoot migration issues. Remember to always check your database configuration and adjust the datasource settings when employing containerized testing!

If you run into further complications, don't hesitate to seek out solutions or community guidance. Your testing environment should be as robust as your application!