Скачать или смотреть Nicholas I - History of Russia in 100 Minutes (Part 16 of 36)

"History of Russia in 100 Minutes" is a crash course for beginners. Here you will find the complete history summarized and retold in simple language with accurate dates, the most relevant names and essential concepts. After finishing the course, you will know:

The basic characteristics of Russian history in different epochs
The 54 most important rulers and 106 historical persons in Russian history
126 key dates and events in Russian history
The basic terms and concepts of Russian history

The text is accompanied by numerous online resources:
20,000 pictures
700 videos
3,500 songs
100 podcast episodes

All that is available via the smarthistories.com website.


http://smarthistories.com/


Narrated by: Sammi Bold
Written by: Tanel Vahisalu
Edited by: Madis Maasing and Kerry Kubilius
Proofread by: Tony Burnett
Graphic Art by: Mehak Zaib Suddle

Video:
"Poet and the Tsar” by Vladimir Gardin, Yevgeni Chervyakov (1927)
"Admiral Nakhimov” by Vsevolod Pudovkin (1947)

Music:
"Tchaikovsky (Part II)" and "Crocodile Ghena's Song" (1995) by J.M.K.E.
https://www.discogs.com/JMKE-Sputniks...

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NICHOLAS I

Under Nicholas I, Russia was turned into a bureaucratic police state where all aspects of life were regulated and punishments imposed. In the era of national revolutions, Russia was the, “… gendarme of Europe.”

BACKGROUND
Nicholas I, was the younger brother of Alexander I. He had no interest in constitution or liberalism. Nicholas became the Emperor very unexpectedly after his elder brother, Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich had secretly abdicated, and Alexander I suddenly died.
There was a momentary power vacuum, and young, liberal army officers, who demanded constitution, seized the opportunity to attempt an overthrow of the new ruler. What became known as the, “Decembrist Revolt,” was mercilessly put down with cannons. The attempt made Nicholas I constantly fear the threat of revolution.

POLICE STATE
Nicholas I’s motto was, “Autocracy, Orthodoxy, and Nationalism,” which was formulated by his Minister Sergey Uvarov.

A new organization of secret police called the “Third Department,” was formed, and was headed by the influential, Count Alexander von Benckendorff. People were monitored, books and newspapers censored, spies were everywhere. Suspects were imprisoned or exiled. It was unthinkable to talk publicly about politics or to discuss liberal ideas.

Heavy punishments were imposed for ideas that spread doubt about the authority of the Tsar. Nicholas I, himself, was very punctual and loved order in all aspects of life.

GENDARME OF EUROPE
In 1848, a wave of revolutions, aiming to depose old monarchies, moved over Europe from Paris to Prague. Nicholas I, helped other rulers protect their monarchies. In 1849 he helped the Austrian Habsburgs suppress the uprising in Hungary.

CRIMEAN WAR
In 1853, Nicholas I tried to boost Russia’s reputation even further, resulting in the Crimean War. Russia conquered the Ottoman territories of Moldavia and Wallachia. In response, joint Anglo-French-Turkish forces invaded Crimea and besieged the naval base of Sevastopol. In what came to be known as the first modern war, Russia’s technological backwardness came to light. Russia faced a shameful defeat and had to withdraw its fleet from the Black Sea. Nicholas I, died during the end phase of the war.