Скачать или смотреть Trends in Mortality of Pneumocystis Pneumonia

Mortality from Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) has shifted significantly over time: while deaths among HIV-positive individuals have declined due to antiretroviral therapy (ART), mortality is rising among non-HIV immunocompromised patients.

📉 Historical Decline in HIV-Associated Mortality
1980s–1990s: PCP was a leading cause of death among people with AIDS.

Post-ART era: Introduction of combination ART and prophylaxis (e.g., TMP-SMX) led to a dramatic reduction in PCP-related deaths among HIV-positive individuals.

Current HIV context: Mortality rates in treated HIV patients with PCP are now significantly lower, often under 10% with timely diagnosis and treatment.

📈 Rising Mortality in Non-HIV Populations
Emerging trend: Recent studies show increased PCP mortality among non-HIV immunocompromised patients, such as those with cancer, autoimmune diseases, or organ transplants.

Contributing factors:

Delayed diagnosis due to atypical presentations

Underuse of prophylaxis in non-HIV populations

Higher baseline comorbidities and immunosuppression

Population-level impact: A 2022 study in The Lancet reported a reversal in PCP mortality trends, with overall deaths increasing despite medical advances.

🔍 Key Insights from Recent Research
Population Mortality Trend Notes
HIV-positive ↓ Decreasing Due to ART and prophylaxis
Non-HIV immunocompromised ↑ Increasing Due to under-recognition and lack of prophylaxis
General population ↑ Slight increase Driven by non-HIV cases
🧠 Implications
Need for updated guidelines: Current prophylaxis strategies may not adequately cover emerging at-risk groups.

Importance of early detection: Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical to reducing mortality.

Public health focus: Surveillance and education are essential to address the shifting burden of PCP

#Pneumocystis #Pneumonia