In Situ Hybridization for BEGINNERS

In situ hybridization is a technique used by scientists to label DNA and RNA, but why do we need to label DNA/RNA?
Here I explain the purpose of In Situ Hybridizations, provide a brief description of the two major types (chromogen and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)), give several examples of their use, and explain some drawbacks.

This is a part of my Slice of Science series where I "briefly" describe some interesting scientific techniques.

Items used in the video:
Music:    • Child of Time (1 HOUR) LOFI HIPHOP | ...  

Articles used as examples:
Cancer Cell DNA Translocation Example
Louzada S, Adega F, Chaves R. Defining the sister rat mammary tumor cell lines HH-16 cl.2/1 and HH-16.cl.4 as an in vitro cell model for Erbb2. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29923. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029923. Epub 2012 Jan 10. PMID: 22253826; PMCID: PMC3254647.
Figure 2A
Dentate Gyrus/Low Level Chromogen RNA In situ
Caramello A, Galichet C, Rizzoti K, Lovell-Badge R. Dentate gyrus development requires a cortical hem-derived astrocytic scaffold. Elife. 2021 Jan 4;10:e63904. doi: 10.7554/eLife.63904. PMID: 33393905; PMCID: PMC7806271.
Figure supplement 5A
Enthesis Example/Double RNA FISH
Kult S, Olender T, Osterwalder M, Markman S, Leshkowitz D, Krief S, Blecher-Gonen R, Ben-Moshe S, Farack L, Keren-Shaul H, Salame TM, Capellini TD, Itzkovitz S, Amit I, Visel A, Zelzer E. Bi-fated tendon-to-bone attachment cells are regulated by shared enhancers and KLF transcription factors. Elife. 2021 Jan 15;10:e55361. doi: 10.7554/eLife.55361. PMID: 33448926; PMCID: PMC7810463.
Figure 1A, Figure 2C
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