Monocytes : Structure and Function : Blood Physiology

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Monocytes :Structure and Function : Blood Physiology
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Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a pivotal role in the immune system, acting as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Structurally, monocytes are the largest leukocytes, with a diameter of 12-20 micrometers, and have a distinctive kidney-shaped nucleus.
They circulate in the bloodstream for about 1-3 days before migrating into tissues, where they differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells. Functionally, monocytes are crucial for phagocytosis, engulfing and digesting pathogens, dead cells, and debris.
They also secrete cytokines that modulate the immune response and present antigens to T cells, initiating the adaptive immune response. Monocytes play a key role in inflammatory responses, tissue repair, and homeostasis. Their ability to transform into macrophages and dendritic cells highlights their versatility and importance in maintaining immune system function and responding to infections and injuries.

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