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Learn how to effectively push data to deeply nested objects in MongoDB using Mongoose by utilizing specific querying techniques that target multiple IDs.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/67963877/ asked by the user 'Richardson' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/15357136/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/67964025/ provided by the user 'Cuong Le Ngoc' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/11711316/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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How to push to Nested Data using Mongoose with 2 IDs?

If you're working with MongoDB and Mongoose, you might sometimes find yourself needing to update deeply nested documents. Specifically, you may want to add elements to an array that is nested within another array, accessed via two different IDs. This task can seem daunting, especially if you’ve only dealt with one-level deep updates before. In this guide, we’ll explore how to perform this operation effectively.

Understanding the Problem

In the original question, the user shared their struggle with updating a nested object in a MongoDB document using Mongoose. They provided a snippet of their code. The code works for pushing to a single level of a nested object but fails when trying to reach a second level deep object.

The ultimate goal is to add a new location to the dayOutcome array of a specific nested object, which is identified by two distinct IDs. Let’s get straight to solving this issue.

The Solution

To update a nested array in a MongoDB document using Mongoose, follow these steps:

Step 1: Define Your Query Structure

First, understand that in order to target a nested field successfully with the $ operator, it must be present in the query document itself. Here’s how to structure your findOneAndUpdate call:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 2: Breakdown of the Code

Querying the Document: The query is made with two criteria:

The primary ID of the main document ('_id': \${id}``)

The ID of the nested object ([\${sliceLeft}._id`]: YOUR_SECOND_ID`)

Using $push: We use the $push operator to add location to the dayOutcome array associated with the identified nested document.

Using $ Operator: In the path, [\${sliceLeft}.$.dayOutcome`], the $` operator acts as a placeholder for the matched element of the array found via the second ID.

Step 3: Ensure Proper Context

Make sure that:

YOUR_SECOND_ID is the actual ID you wish to target for the nested object.

sliceLeft accurately reflects the variable name of the nested array in your schema.

Conclusion

Updating nested data structures in MongoDB can be tricky, especially when dealing with multiple IDs. By structuring your query correctly and making use of Mongoose’s powerful $ operator, you can effectively push new elements into deeply nested arrays.

If you encounter any issues, remember to verify that your IDs and field names are correct and align with your MongoDB schema. Happy coding!