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CT KUB (Kidneys, Ureters, and Bladder) — including preparation, indications, and diagnostic interpretation.

1. What is CT KUB?

CT KUB is a non-contrast computed tomography scan of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.
It’s the gold standard imaging study for detecting urinary tract stones and other urinary abnormalities.

2. Preparation for CT KUB

Before the scan

Fasting: Usually not required for non-contrast CT KUB.
(If contrast-enhanced CT is planned, fasting 4–6 hours is needed.)

Hydration: Adequate water intake before the scan is encouraged helps visualize the urinary tract.

Bladder status:

Slightly filled bladder is preferred (not completely full or empty).


Metal objects: Remove any metallic objects, jewelry, or clothing with metal parts.


If contrast is used (for CT Urogram)

Check renal function tests serum creatinine, eGFR.

Obtain allergy history (especially to iodine-based contrast).

Maintain hydration before and after contrast to protect renal functions
3. Indications for CT KUB

Suspected urinary tract stones (renal, ureteric, bladder)

Hematuria (blood in urine)

Flank pain / renal colic

Evaluation of urinary tract obstruction

Postoperative or post-lithotripsy assessment

Trauma to kidneys or urinary tract

Infection complications
4. Diagnostic Findings & Interpretation

1. Urinary Calculi (Stones)

Hyperdense (bright) focuses on CT, usually without contrast.

Can identify:

Size, location, and number of stones.

Hydronephrosis (dilated collecting system upstream).

Perinephric fat stranding → sign of inflammation.

➤ 2. Hydronephrosis

Dilated renal pelvis and calyces.

May be secondary to obstruction by a stone, mass, or stricture.

➤ 3. Masses / Tumors

Non-contrast CT can show space-occupying lesions in the kidney