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In sexual reproduction, chromosomes can sometimes swap sections during the process of meiosis (cell division), thereby creating new genetic combinations and thus more genetic variation. Although DNA replication is tightly regulated and remarkably accurate, errors do occur and result in mutations, which are also a source of genetic variation. Environmental factors can also cause mutations in genes, and viable mutations are inherited.

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Meiosis diagram modified from "MajorEventsInMeiosis" by the National Institutes of Health [Public domain]:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...