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The Brazilian Navy is the naval service branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces. It is responsible for conducting naval operations, providing maritime security, and enforcing laws and regulations both at sea and within the country's extensive riverine and littoral zones. The Brazilian Navy is one of the world's few blue-water naval forces, capable of regional power projection beyond the country's territorial water and deep into the Atlantic Ocean.

The navy was involved in the Brazilian war of independence and subsequently received most of Portugal's naval forces and bases in South America. The government maintained a sizeable naval force in the initial decades following independence. The navy was later involved in the Cisplatine War, the River Plate conflicts, the Paraguayan War as well as other sporadic rebellions that marked Brazilian history.

By the 1880s, the Brazilian Imperial Navy was the most powerful in South America. After the 1893–1894 naval rebellion, there was a hiatus in developing the navy until 1905, when Brazil acquired two of the most powerful and advanced dreadnoughts of the day which sparked a dreadnought race with neighboring Argentina and Chile. The Brazilian Navy participated in both World War I and World War II, engaging in anti-submarine patrols in the Atlantic.

The modern Brazilian Navy includes British-built guided missile frigates, locally built corvettes, coastal diesel-electric submarines, and many other river and coastal patrol craft. The navy is embarking on modernization efforts to both broaden and enhance its technical and strategic capabilities, such as acquiring amphibious transport docks, procuring logistical support ships, and domestically producing both conventional and nuclear submarines.