Скачать или смотреть 3. Antimetabolites: Pyrimidine Analogs: Pharmacology Video Lectures

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Antimetabolites: Pyrimidine Analogs: Pharmacology Video Lectures
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Pyrimidine analogs are a class of antimetabolites that interfere with pyrimidine metabolism, crucial for DNA and RNA synthesis, and are widely used in cancer therapy 🩸💥.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the most well-known pyrimidine analog, acting as a false pyrimidine that inhibits thymidylate synthase, disrupting thymidine production and halting DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing tumor cells 🧬🚫. 5-FU is used in colorectal, breast, and gastric cancers and is often combined with leucovorin to enhance its effect by stabilizing the drug’s binding to thymidylate synthase 🌍💊.

Cytarabine (Ara-C) is another pyrimidine analog, used in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, where it is phosphorylated to its active form and incorporated into DNA, causing chain termination and cell cycle arrest 💉🩺.

Gemcitabine is also used for pancreatic, lung, and bladder cancers, where it inhibits DNA synthesis through incorporation into the DNA strand, leading to cell death 🧬💡.
These drugs are effective but often come with serious side effects, including myelosuppression, mucositis, nausea, diarrhea, and hepatic toxicity, necessitating dose adjustments and supportive care 🏥💊. Pyrimidine analogs are essential components of combination chemotherapy, maximizing tumor cell kill while minimizing resistance and improving overall survival 🌟🎯.

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