Скачать или смотреть How to Use pip to Install Wheel Dependencies from a Local Folder

Learn how to setup pip to install packages from a local folder as if it were a private PyPI repository, managing dependencies effectively for your Python projects.
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How to Use pip to Install Wheel Dependencies from a Local Folder

When working with Python projects, package dependencies can sometimes become a bit tricky, especially if those dependencies rely on one another, like in the case with wheels. In this guide, we'll address a common issue: how to install wheel dependencies from a local folder without relying on the Python Package Index (PyPI). This method can save you time and headaches, particularly when your packages depend on one another.

The Problem

Let's say you have two packages: pkg1 and pkg2. In your pkg1, you have a setup.py specifying that it requires the requests library. In pkg2, you have a setup.py that states it depends on pkg1:

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If you try to install pkg2 using pip, it will look for pkg1 on PyPI, which is fine if it's published there. However, if pkg1 is a local wheel file that hasn't been published yet, pip will fail to find it. Thus, you need a way for pip to install packages from a local folder.

The Solution

To instruct pip to look for dependencies in a specific local directory, you can use the --find-links option. This option essentially allows you to treat a local folder as a sort of private PyPI repository. Here's how:

Installation Command

To install pkg2 and ensure pip looks for the dependency pkg1 in your local directory, run the following command:

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Make sure to replace /path/to/wheel/dir/ with the actual path to the directory containing your .whl files.

Preventing Access to PyPI

If you want to completely disable any access to PyPI during this installation (to ensure that pip solely relies on your local folder), you can add the --no-index option:

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Summary of Steps

You can summarize the steps as follows:

Ensure that you have all necessary wheels stored in a designated local directory.

Use pip with the --find-links option to point to your local directory.

Optionally, use --no-index to prevent pip from searching PyPI.

Conclusion

Following the steps outlined above will allow you to effectively manage local dependencies with pip without needing to rely on PyPI. This method is especially useful for developing and testing your packages before they're ready for public distribution. With this approach, you can ensure that your projects have the dependencies they need right from your local setup. Happy coding!