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Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic nephropathy, is the chronic loss of kidney function that occurs in people with diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Three symptoms are common to many forms of CKD: leakage of protein into the urine (proteinuria or albuminuria), increased blood pressure with hypertension, and subsequent decline in renal function. Loss of protein in the urine due to glomerular damage can be massive, causing a decrease in serum albumin, resulting in general body swelling (edema), the so-called nephrotic syndrome.
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