How To Make Double Clipper Circuit / Clipping AT +3V & -3V

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Circuit Components:

Two diodes (typically silicon diodes)
Resistors (to limit current flow)
Circuit Operation:

The double-clipper circuit consists of two separate clipper sections, one for positive clipping and one for negative clipping. Each section is responsible for limiting the corresponding portion of the input waveform.
The positive clipping section utilizes a diode and resistor to clip the positive portion of the waveform to +3V. The negative clipping section uses another diode and resistor to clip the negative portion of the waveform to -3V.
Both diodes are connected in opposite orientations: one with its anode connected to the input signal and the other with its cathode connected to the input signal. This arrangement ensures that each diode conducts only when the respective voltage threshold is reached.
Positive Clipping:

When the input voltage is negative, the diode responsible for positive clipping is reverse-biased and does not conduct current. In this state, it acts as an open circuit, allowing the negative portion of the input waveform to pass through to the output without any modification.
However, when the input voltage goes positive and exceeds the positive clipping threshold (+3V), the diode becomes forward-biased and conducts current. It acts as a short circuit, connecting the input signal to the +3V reference level.
Any part of the input waveform that exceeds +3V is "clipped" or limited to +3V by the forward-biased diode. The negative portion of the waveform remains unaffected and passes through to the output.
Negative Clipping:

When the input voltage is positive, the diode responsible for negative clipping is reverse-biased and does not conduct current. It allows the positive portion of the input waveform to pass through without any modification.
However, when the input voltage goes negative and drops below the negative clipping threshold (-3V), the diode becomes forward-biased and conducts current. It acts as a short circuit, connecting the input signal to the -3V reference level.
Any part of the input waveform that drops below -3V is "clipped" or limited to -3V by the forward-biased diode. The positive portion of the waveform remains unaffected and passes through to the output.
Threshold Voltages:

The threshold voltages of the diodes are crucial for the double-clipper circuit's operation.
The positive clipping diode should have a threshold voltage slightly above +3V, allowing it to become forward-biased when the input voltage exceeds +3V.
The negative clipping diode should have a threshold voltage slightly below -3V, enabling it to become forward-biased when the input voltage drops below -3V.
Selecting diodes with appropriate threshold voltages ensures accurate and symmetrical clipping at both the positive and negative thresholds.
In summary, a double-clipper circuit with clipping at both +3V and -3V utilizes two diodes and resistors to limit the positive and negative portions of the input waveform. The positive clipping section clips the positive portion to +3V, while the negative clipping section limits the negative portion to -3V. Each diode conducts only when the respective threshold voltage is reached, effectively clipping the waveform. The output waveform of the double clipper circuit is a clipped version of the input waveform, with both positive and negative portions limited to their respective thresholds.


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