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A step-down transformer has turns ratio 20 to 1. If 8 volts is applied across 0.4 ohm secondary, then the primary current will be

(A) 2 A
(B) 1 A
(C) 0.5 A
(D) 4 A



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🚀 Step-by-Step Solution to Solve This Question 🚀
📌 Chapter: Electromagnetic Induction
📌 Topic: Transformer Basics and Power Conservation

🔹 Step 1: Understand the core concept
In an ideal transformer, the input power is equal to the output power. This means voltage into current at the primary equals voltage into current at the secondary.

🔹 Step 2: Apply this concept to the question
We are given the voltage across the secondary and its resistance, so we can first calculate the secondary current using Ohm's law. Then, using the power conservation, we relate it to the primary current.

🔹 Step 3: Break down the reasoning step-by-step
Secondary voltage is 8 volts and secondary resistance is 0.4 ohm. So, secondary current is 8 divided by 0.4, which is 20 amperes.
Now, the transformer has a turns ratio of 20 to 1, so the current ratio is inverted as 1 to 20.
That means the primary current is 20 divided by 20, which is 1 ampere.

🔹 Step 4: Conclude the conceptual result
So, by using power conservation and turns ratio relation, the primary current comes out to be 1 ampere.

✅ Final Answer: (B) 1 A 🚀

🔥 Pro Tip:
Always remember, in an ideal transformer, voltage and current are inversely related to the turns ratio. High voltage means low current and vice versa.


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